In the distribution of electrical power, substations are responsible for transforming and controlling voltages to ensure safe and efficient electricity supply. However, equipment ensuring the safety of these areas, such as the medium-voltage circuit breaker from HVEX, is necessary.

A substation is an essential electrical installation that enables the transmission, protection, and distribution of electricity. It acts as a connection point between different voltage levels within the electrical system, allowing voltage reduction for local distribution or voltage increase for efficient transmission over long distances.

Substations play a crucial role in the global electrical infrastructure, enabling electricity to be transmitted and distributed efficiently and safely. Moreover, they facilitate the integration of renewable energy sources, improve the reliability of electrical supply, and support the growing energy demands in urban and rural areas, ensuring safe delivery of electricity to end consumers.

Substations can be classified based on their construction and type, divided into the following types:

: Constructed with equipment mounted on overhead structures such as poles and metal towers. This type of substation is common in areas where space is not limited and installation is more accessible. Exposure to the environment may require additional weatherproofing measures.

: An enclosed substation has its equipment installed inside buildings or enclosed structures, providing protection against adverse weather conditions and vandalism. This type of substation is commonly used in densely populated urban areas or where visual aesthetics are important.

: Outdoor substations feature equipment installed directly on the ground. This type of substation is often found in rural areas or locations where space is abundant and visual impact is of little concern.

: Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) use sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas as an insulating and arc-extinguishing medium. This type of substation is compact, high-cost, with high safety and low maintenance requirements.

The substation receives high voltages from transmission or distribution lines.

Transformers in the substation adjust voltage levels as needed for distribution or transmission.

 After voltage transformation, electricity is distributed to industrial, commercial, and residential consumers through smaller distribution networks.

 Circuit breakers, relays, and other protection devices continuously monitor and act on the electrical network, detecting faults, overloads, or other issues that may affect the safe operation of the substation.

Substations are composed of various equipment that perform specific functions to ensure the stability and safety of the electrical system. Here are the main components and their functions:

 These are the connection points of the substation with transmission lines, where electrical energy is received and distributed to consumers.

Installed on input and distribution lines to protect against lightning strikes, ensuring equipment integrity.

Essential for safety, circuit breakers open the electrical circuit in case of overload, faults, or short circuits. Equipped with arc extinction chambers, they prevent problems and accidents by interrupting the current flow in a controlled manner during maneuvers or emergencies.

 Work in conjunction with circuit breakers to quickly detect and respond to abnormal conditions such as faults, overvoltage, or short circuits. Their function is to ensure that the protection system acts promptly to prevent damage to equipment and interruptions in power supply.

 The main transformer adjusts the voltage levels of electrical energy for efficient transmission. Auxiliary transformers, such as current (CT) and voltage (VT) transformers, are used for measurement and protection, reducing currents and voltages to levels suitable for control, measurement, protection, and monitoring devices.

 Allow isolation of specific sections of the electrical network for safe maintenance, ensuring that protection devices, such as circuit breakers, can be operated safely even in emergency situations.

Interconnect all substation components, facilitating energy transfer between different equipment and ensuring coordinated operation of the electrical system.

 Automatic devices that restore power supply after temporary interruptions, helping minimize the impact of transient faults on the electrical network.

 Control panels that allow operators to monitor and control substation equipment remotely through Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs) linked to distribution control systems, ensuring automated and safe operation and quick response to events.

 Responsible for storing energy used in emergencies to keep critical systems and auxiliary services of the substation operational during power outages or main supply failures.

 Used for voltage control, promoting greater system stability, power factor correction, reactive power compensation, overvoltage limitation, among others. Thus, improving the continuity and efficiency of the electrical system.

Each type of substation has distinct construction characteristics and may or may not integrate all of these components. However, these devices are widely used together to ensure safe and efficient electricity supply.

As seen earlier, circuit breakers are essential elements that establish the protection and safety of the system and substations. Therefore, it is essential that they are of high quality and reliability, like the Medium-Voltage Circuit Breaker HVEX.

Medium-Voltage Circuit Breaker HVEX: Advanced Protection for Substations

Specially designed for demanding applications, the Medium-Voltage Circuit Breaker is compact and reliable, ideal for substations, ensuring continuity and safety of electrical operations and guaranteeing rapid operation and process precision.

During normal operation, the HVEX circuit breaker remains closed, allowing continuous flow of energy. However, upon detecting an anomaly through monitoring and protection systems, such as faults, overloads, or short circuits, the circuit breaker responds quickly. A pickup signal is sent to the control, which, if necessary, quickly triggers the opening command to interrupt the current flow and protect the electrical system.

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In the distribution of electrical power, substations transform and control voltages to ensure efficient electricity supply. However, equipment ensuring the safety of these areas, such as the medium-voltage circuit breaker from HVEX, is necessary.


Medium Voltage Vaccum Circuit Breaker (VCB) 17.5 kV

HVEX medium voltage circuit breakers are essential for the control and protection of electrical systems. They utilize vacuum interrupters to extinguish electrical arcs and are equipped with spring and solenoid-operated mechanisms for opening and closing, which can be operated manually or automatically. With state indicators and auxiliary connectors for integration with control and pro

Electric Substations: Critical Components and Protection with HVEX Circuit Breaker

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Electric Substations: Critical Components and Protection with HVEX Circuit Breaker

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